How does a refrigerant compressor operate in an HVAC system?

In an HVAC system, the refrigerant compressor plays a crucial role in the refrigeration cycle by compressing the refrigerant gas. When the refrigerant gas is compressed, its pressure increases significantly. This is essential because it prepares the refrigerant for the next stage of the cycle, which involves releasing heat when it passes through the condenser.

By raising the pressure of the refrigerant, the compressor makes it possible for the refrigerant to transition from a gaseous state to a liquid state as it releases heat outside the building. This process is vital for the cooling effect that HVAC systems provide. The compressor, therefore, ensures that the refrigerant is in the necessary state for effective heat exchange in both the cooling and heating modes of operation.

The other processes mentioned involve different functions that don't relate directly to the operation of the compressor. The expansion of refrigerant gas actually occurs in the expansion valve, air circulation is handled by fans and ductwork, and heat absorption is primarily the function of the evaporator coil. Understanding the specific function of the compressor helps in grasping how HVAC systems maintain efficient temperatures.